Distribution and Modification of Sorption Sites in Amphiphilic Calixarene-Based Solid Lipid Nanoparticles from Hyperpolarized<sup>129</sup>Xe NMR Spectroscopy
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The site distribution and accessibility in amphiphilic calixarenes-based solid lipid nanoparticles were determined as a function of lipid chain length using in situ 129Xe NMR spectroscopy with flowing hyperpolarized Xe gas. The study illustrates that host cavities in as-prepared materials are increasingly occluded by the lipid chain for compounds with chain lengths from C6 to C12 and are almost completely occluded for C14 and C16 chain lengths. Host cavities present at the surface of the particles are still accessible to small atoms (xenon) and organic molecules (methylene chloride, etc). The Xe spectra show that the accessible void space can be increased remarkably by exposure of the particle surface to suitably sized guest molecules that appear to displace the occluding hydrocarbon chains from the host cavities by competitive adsorption. This postsynthesis treatment thus modifies the state of self-assembly and improves sorption capability. The HP Xe NMR approach presented is suitable for small samples (a few milligrams) of SLNs, likely also for other biomaterials such as vesicles, model membranes, etc.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".