Three‐dimensional modeling of tidal currents and mixing quantities over the Newfoundland Shelf
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Major semidiurnal (M2, S2, and N2) and diurnal (K1 and O1) barotropic tides over the Newfoundland Shelf are computed using a three‐dimensional nonlinear primitive equation model, with the vertical eddy viscosity calculated from a level 2.5 turbulence closure scheme. Computed elevation cotidal charts for the five constituents are generally consistent with previous knowledge for this region. Comparisons based on a statistical analysis of the differences between the computed elevations and currents and in situ observations indicate good agreement. While M2 tidal currents (up to 20–30 cm/s) are dominant, there are locally intensified diurnal currents (up to 5–10 cm/s) in some outer shelf locations. The diurnal current intensification is attributed to first‐mode continental shelf waves. An examination is carried out for the vertical structure of the computed M2 current and for the temporal and spatial variability of model turbulent kinetic energy, mixing length scale, vertical eddy viscosity, and bottom friction velocity. The examination indicates that large vertical eddy viscosity magnitudes and bottom friction velocities are associated with strong currents in shallow regions, where strong vertical shears produce large turbulent kinetic energy. Solutions with both specified and evolving vertical stratification indicate that the stratification has a significant influence on the vertical profile of tidal mixing parameters and currents in shallow areas. Tidally induced turbulence is substantially reduced in the bottom boundary layer and completely suppressed above it. Tidal currents decrease in the log layer, increase significantly in the rest of the bottom boundary layer, and decrease in the upper and middle water column.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".