Frusemide results in an extracellular to intracellular fluid shift in horses
Bibliographic record
Abstract
REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Frusemide (Lasix) is commonly used diuretic in horse racing and equine clinical practice. While pharmacology, pharmacodynamics, renal and haematological effects of frusemide have been studied in horses, its effects on the distribution of fluid within the horse remain unknown. OBJECTIVE: To quantify the effects of frusemide on extracellular and intracellular fluid shifts. METHODS: Horses were infused with 1 mg/kg body mass (n = 7) or 2 mg/kg (n = 9) i.v. frusemide. Total body water (TBW), extracellular fluid volume (ECFV) and plasma volume (PV) were measured using D2O, NaSCN and Evans blue dilution. Change in ECFV was assessed from the change in plasma [protein] and from repeated infusion/dilution of NaSCN. RESULTS: Frusemide resulted in a 0.020 +/- 0.002 l/kg decrease in TBW within 120 min. At 120 min after frusemide infusion the ECFV losses were nearly double the TBW losses, therefore ECFV loss in excess of TBW loss is seen as an increase in ICFV. CONCLUSIONS: Frusemide resulted in a net shift of fluid (electrolytes and water) from the extracellular to intracellular fluid compartment. POTENTIAL RELEVANCE: The fluid shifts that occur within horses administered frusemide has not previously been characterised. The intracellular shift of fluid is of performance and clinical significance.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".