Very Early Intervention Is Crucial to Improve Work Outcome in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Work disability is a serious consequence of rheumatoid arthritis (RA).An extensive review concluded that about one-third of patients with RA stopped working within 2 to 3 years after disease onset and that 50% to 60% could be unable to work after 10 to 15 years1. Some recent studies indicate a decline in work disability rates in long-standing RA2,3.Work disability is a great burden for both the individual and society. The patients may experience loss of social role and lower self-esteem and have both reduced income and more expenses. A large part of the arthritis-related societal costs are directly derived from work disability4. Previous studies of work cessation have mainly focused on permanent work disability. Investigations of the sick leave that usually precedes permanent work disability are scarcer. In this issue of The Journal Björk, et al present a report of sick leave 3 years before and 3 years after diagnosis in relation to referents in the Swedish TIRA project5. They report that about half the patients were on sick leave 6 months before diagnosis. The proportion of patients not working did not decrease with time, but after 3 years almost one-third had received disability pension. A disadvantage is that only 120/178 eligible patients took part in the study, although dropouts did not differ regarding demographics and disease state variables at study start. Another limitation of the study is that the registry data obtained from the Swedish social insurance agency did not include sick leave periods shorter than 14 days or for a period even shorter than 28 days. As noted by the authors, the figures obtained for total sick leave are nevertheless mainly in keeping with previous similar studies. Sick leave rates are influenced by the social system and health … Address reprint requests to Dr. Eberhardt. E-mail: kerstin.eberhardt{at}med.lu.se
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.008 | 0.003 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".