The Effect of Donor Age and Low-Dose Gamma Irradiation on the Initial Biomechanical Properties of Human Tibialis Tendon Allografts
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Most tissue banks recover and irradiate tibialis tendon allografts from donors aged up to 65 years. It is unknown whether donor age and low-dose gamma irradiation affect the initial biomechanical properties of tibialis allografts. HYPOTHESIS: Donor age up to 65 years and low-dose gamma irradiation do not significantly affect the initial biomechanical properties of tibialis allografts. STUDY DESIGN: Controlled laboratory study. METHODS: One hundred twenty-six tibialis tendon allografts (63 pairs, 37 human donors) were divided into 3 age groups: young (<45 years), middle (46-55 years), and old (56-65 years). Within each age group, half of the paired tendons underwent tensile testing as single-strand grafts and the other half as double-strand grafts. One tendon from each donor pair was randomly assigned to undergo terminal sterilization with an absorbed dose of 1.46 to 1.80 Mrad (14.6-18.0 kGy) gamma irradiation, whereas the other tendon received no irradiation. All tendon grafts were preconditioned with a cyclic load and tested to failure in tension. RESULTS: Irradiated single-strand tendons in the old age group had a longer displacement at failure compared to the middle but not the young age group. Nonirradiated double-strand tendons in the old age group had a lower failure stress. Single-strand irradiated old tendons had a lower stiffness, and all irradiated young tendons and old double-strand tendons had a higher failure stress compared to nonirradiated tendons. CONCLUSION: Donor age up to 65 years does not significantly affect the initial failure load, stiffness, or displacement at failure of tibialis allografts. An age-related decrease in failure stress was observed among nonirradiated tendons but not in tendons subjected to irradiation. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The results provide biomechanical evidence for use of tibialis allografts from donors up to 65 years of age. Low-dose gamma irradiation does not negatively influence the initial biomechanical properties of tibialis allografts. Further studies examining age and irradiation effects after submaximal cyclic loading conditions are recommended.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".