Endolithic algae and cyanobacteria from cliffs of the Niagara Escarpment, Ontario, Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A comprehensive survey for endolithic organisms was undertaken to evaluate the distribution of endolithic algae and cyanobacteria in the structure of ancient cliff ecosystems of the Niagara Escarpment. Rocks were collected at 12 sites along the escarpment. Three rock samples were collected from each of five transects for a total of 180 rock samples. Cryptoendolithic or chasmoendolithic organisms were extracted from freshly cleaved faces under laboratory conditions, and attempts were made to culture, grow, and identify these organisms. Cultures of cryptoendolithic organisms were successfully obtained from between 6.7 and 40% of the culture plates from any one site, whereas chasmoendolithic organisms were obtained from 98% of the attempts. Twenty-two taxa were found, including some Cyanophyta that were present at most sites (Chlorogloea) and others that were found rarely (Schizothrix). Cyanophytes were more common at northern sites than southern sites. Among the Chlorophyta, Stichococcus bacillaris was ubiquitous, but Stichococcus exiguus was restricted to one site. The chlorophytes were evenly found along the Escarpment. No geographical trends were obvious among the Xanthophyceae, but some taxa such as Chloridella neglecta were common and others such as Ellipsoidion stichococcoides were not. These results suggest that endolithic organisms within the rocky limestone cliffs of the Niagara Escarpment are not uniform in abundance or species composition. Consequently, management plans intended to maintain microbial species diversity in the face of different patterns of land use and environmental pollution may have to be location-specific along the escarpment.Key words: terrestrial algae, cryptoendolithic organisms, cliffs, Niagara Escarpment.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.024 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".