Rubella susceptibility study among women of child-bearing age - Vientiane Capital, Lao PDR, 2010
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Rubella outbreaks are reported in Lao PDR however the burden of rubella and its severe form, Congenital Rubella Syndrome, is not known. There is no routine vaccination. The objective of this study was to better understand the sero-epidemiology of Rubella among women of child-bearing age to contribute to the development of vaccination strategies. Methods: A cross-sectional serology survey of 784 women between 15-35 years of age attending four central hospitals in Vientiane was conducted. A standardized questionnaire was used to ask subjects about demographics, social economic status, immunisation and obstetric history. Sera from each subject was tested for rubella IgG antibody positivity using a commercial Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Results: 83.2% of all women aged 15 to 35 years tested positive for rubella IgG antibodies. 35.5% of women aged 15-19 and 19.4% of women aged 20-24 years were found to be susceptible to rubella infection. No associations were found between number of prior pregnancies, number of live births, size of village, number living in villages, education nor socio-economic status. Conclusion: The most frequent age group for a woman's first pregnancy in Lao PDR is between 20 and 24 and yet 19.4% of these women are believed to be susceptible to rubella infection. The lack of found associations provides evidence that all women in Lao, no matter their social status or living situation, are highly susceptible to rubella infection. The Lao government as a result of the study will introduce Measles-Rubella (MR) vaccine in 2011 with a catch-up campaign for the age group 9 months-19 years, then from 2012 in the routine immunization.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".