Stress Corrosion Crack Initiation in X-65 Pipeline Steel Under Disbonded Coating With Cathodic Protection
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A novel testing setup has been used in this study to simulate crack initiation in X65 pipeline steel exposed to near-neutral pH soil environment. This test setup was designed to simulate synergistic interactions of cathodic current with soil environments underneath the disbonded coating on the pipe surface. It was found from the simulations that the local environment underneath the disbonded coating can be very acidic or alkaline, instead of near-neutral pH as commonly believed, depending on seasonal fluctuation in CO2 level and cathodic current. There exists a wide range of corrosion conditions on the steel surface up the gradient of cathodic current underneath the disbonded coating. General corrosion was found to increase as CP current diminishes. Pitting corrosion in terms of number of pits and size of pits was found to be the most severe at locations where cathodic protection was nearly diminished. These locations had also developed some crack like-defects, which were usually elongated in a direction perpendicular to the loading axis and appeared to be formed from a linkage of neighboring pits and by enhanced corrosion at stress raisers.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".