Investigation of bond between lap-spliced steel bar and self-compacting concrete: The role of silica fume
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this study, normal concrete (NC) and four types of self-compacting concrete (SCC), in which cement was partially replaced by 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% of silica fume (SF), were used to evaluate the effect of SF content on the bond strength of tension lap-spliced bars embedded in NC and SCC specimens. Therefore, 15 full-scale beam specimens (2000 × 300 × 200 mm 3 ) were tested and 20 mm reinforcing bars were used with a 300-mm splice length as tension reinforcement. Each beam was designed with bars spliced in a constant moment region at midspan. It was found that the bond strength of the reinforcement embedded in SCC beams was higher than that of the reinforcement in NC beams, whilst the bond strength increased with increase in the replacement of cement by SF from 5% to 10%. Moreover, the beam specimens produced from SCC containing 5% SF had the highest normalized bond strength of 1.07 followed by SCC beams with 10% SF, 15% SF, NC beams, and 20% SF.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".