New surgical model of post‐traumatic osteoarthritis: Isolated intra‐articular bone injury in the rabbit
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a leading cause of disability worldwide. We hypothesized that inflammation following isolated intra-articular bone injury can stimulate post-traumatic OA and developed a rabbit model to test that concept. Sixty female New Zealand White Rabbits were used. Twenty-six experimental animals had two holes drilled into their right femoral-notch, 18 rabbits had sham surgery, and 16 were un-operated controls. Rabbits were euthanized in subgroups at 72 h, 3, 6, 9, and 52 weeks. Knees were assessed grossly and tissues collected. Cartilage and synovium were analyzed with histology and qPCR and subgroups compared statistically. All surgical joints showed gross and histological (modified Mankin score) cartilage damage after surgery, with experimentals worsening with time (p < 0.05). Cartilage qPCR showed fivefold increases in TGFβ (p < 0.05) expression at 72 h and 3 weeks with sixfold increases in MMP13 (p < 0.025) expression at 72 h. By 6 weeks, expression of these markers was similar to baseline levels. Synovial membrane thickening with increased cellularity was seen at both 9 and 52 weeks (p < 0.05). Short-term synovial inflammatory marker (IL-1β, IL-Ra, IL-6, and IL-8) expression was three- to fourfold increase in experimentals at 72 h (p < 0.01) returning to baseline levels by 3 weeks. Intra-articular bone injury creates early joint inflammation with some chronic synovial changes and progressive cartilage damage consistent with OA in adult rabbits. This model provides an exciting new avenue to potentially explore some relevant inflammatory drivers of OA without major mechanical variables.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".