Effect of a nutrition education program and diet modification in iron deficient anemic boarding school adolescent girls from Southern Benin
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of a multi‐dietary strategy to treat IDA in adolescent girls. A quasi‐experimental design involving 34 intervention and 34 control girls aged 12 to 17 years and suffering from mild IDA was carried out in two boarding schools from southern Benin. IDA was defined as haemoglobin (Hb) between 100–120 g/L and serum ferritin (SF) <20 μg/L or serum ferritin between 20–50 μg/L plus two of the following parameters: serum iron <11 μmol/L, total iron binding capacity >68 μmol/L or transferrin saturation <20%. A 26‐week intervention including 4 weeks of nutrition education combined with an increase in the content and bioavailability of dietary iron in the cafeteria menu for 22 weeks was implemented in the intervention school, but not in the control school. After controlling for baseline variables, Hb and SF were higher (122 vs. 113g/L; P=0.0002; 32 vs. 19μg/L; P=0.04), whereas incidence of anemia (32 vs. 85%; P=0.0003) and of IDA (26 vs. 56%; P=0.04) was lower in the intervention group compared to the control group. Also, nutrition knowledge scores were significantly higher in intervention girls compared to control girls at the end of the study. No significant differences were observed in IPI and malaria status of both groups post‐intervention. These findings indicate that dietary changes to improve available dietary iron can reduce iron deficiency anemia.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".