Bibliographic record
Abstract
Summary This paper presents a semianalytical model for transient flow into multiple vertical wells producing from a porous medium containing randomly distributed discrete fractures. Both vertical openhole wells and hydraulically fractured vertical wells are considered. The semianalytical model simulates pressure and pressure-derivative characteristics of wells and flow distribution along and through both the natural and the hydraulic fractures. The study shows that single or multiple isolated natural fractures yield negative pseudoskin factors in vertical wells near isolated fractures. The negative pseudoskin factor is a function of fracture conductivity, density, length, distance from the wellbore, and azimuth. Using the model, we demonstrate that the shape of the pressure derivative is related to fracture distribution. The results of this study indicate that the conventional double-porosity analysis to predict the storativity ratio of a naturally fractured system is not reliable. Also, the displacement between two semilog straight lines is not necessarily a good indicator of the storativity ratio.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".