Influence of Creep and Stress-Relaxation of Geosynthetic Reinforcement on Embankment Behaviour
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The effects of viscous behaviour of geosynthetic reinforcement on both the short-term and long-term performance of basally reinforced embankments over inviscous soft foundations are investigated. The construction of embankments reinforced with both viscous reinforcement and inviscous reinforcement is numerically simulated to identify the magnitude of creep and stress-relaxation of reinforcement under both limit-state and working stress conditions and the consequent effects on the stability and deformations of the system. The effects of viscoelastic properties of four reinforcement products made of polyester, polypropylene, and polyethylene are examined. It is shown that the viscous behavior of geosynthetic reinforcement can decrease the short-term stability, and the creep of geosynthetic reinforcement can significantly magnify the long-term shear deformations of the foundation soil. The isochronous stiffness can reasonably represent the mobilized reinforcement stiffness at the end of construction. The mobilized reinforcement stiffness and force are examined and the design considerations are discussed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".