Genetic and Molecular Analyses in Crosses of Race 2 and Race 7 of <i>Albugo candida</i>
Bibliographic record
Abstract
ABSTRACT The inheritance of avirulence and polymorphic molecular markers in Albugo candida, the cause of white rust of crucifers, was studied in crosses of race 2 (Ac2), using isolates MiAc2-B1 or MiAc2-B5 (metalaxyl-insensitive and virulent to Brassica juncea cv. Burgonde) with race 7 (Ac7), using isolate MsAc7-A1 (metalaxyl-sensitive and virulent to B. rapa cv. Torch). Hybrids were obtained via co-inoculation onto a common susceptible host. Putative F(1) progeny were selfed to produce F(2) progeny. The parents and F(1) progeny were examined for virulence on the differential cultivars B. juncea cv. Burgonde and B. rapa cv. Torch. Segregation of avirulence or virulence of F(2) populations was analyzed on cv. Torch. Putative F(1) hybrids were confirmed by random amplified polymorphic DNA markers specific for each parent. Avirulence or virulence of F (2) progeny to B. rapa cv. Torch suggested 3:1 in each of three populations, supporting the hypothesis of a single dominant avirulence gene. Amplified fragment length polymorphism markers also segregated in regular Mendelian fashion among F(2) progeny derived from two F(1) hybrids (Cr2-5 and Cr2-7) of Cross-2. This first putative avirulence gene in A. candida was designated AvrAc1. These results suggest that a single dominant gene controls avirulence in race Ac2 to B. rapa cv. Torch and provides further evidence for the gene-for-gene relationship in the Albugo-Brassica pathosystem.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".