ACE2/Ang-(1–7) signaling and vascular remodeling
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) regulates vascular tone and plays a critical role in vascular remodeling, which is the result of a complex interplay of alterations in vascular tone and structure. Inhibition of the RAS has led to important pharmacological tools to prevent and treat vascular diseases such as hypertension, diabetic vasculopathy and atherosclerosis. Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) was recently identified as a multifunctional monocarboxypeptidase responsible for the conversion of angiotensin (Ang) II to Ang-(1-7). The ACE2/Ang-(1-7) signaling has been shown to prevent cellular proliferation, pathological hypertrophy, oxidative stress and vascular fibrosis. Thus, the ACE2/Ang-(1-7) signaling is deemed to be beneficial to the cardiovascular system as a negative regulator of the RAS. The addition of the ACE2/Ang-(1-7) signaling to the complexities of the RAS may lead to the development of novel therapeutics for the treatment of hypertension and other vascular diseases. The present review considers recent findings regarding the ACE2/Ang-(1-7) signaling and focuses on its regulatory roles in processes related to proliferation, inflammation, vascular fibrosis and remodeling, providing proof of principle for the potential use of ACE2 as a novel therapy for vascular disorders related to vascular remodeling.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.008 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.005 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".