Multiple Large-Surface Photodynamic Therapy Sessions with Topical or Systemic Aminolevulinic Acid and Blue Light in UV-Exposed Hairless Mice
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The use of photodynamic therapy (PDT) with topical aminolevulinic acid (ALA) on large skin surfaces has recently been reported for patients with multiple actinic keratoses. OBJECTIVE: The current study compared the ability of topical and systemic ALA-PDT as well as topical ALA-PDT with blue light to delay the appearance of UV-induced skin cancer using the hairless mouse as a model. METHODS: Groups of hairless mice were exposed daily to UV radiation and weekly to ALA-PDT. Tumor-free survival was compared for mice exposed to UV and treated weekly with ALA-PDT and mice exposed only to UV radiation. RESULTS: Weekly topical or systemic ALA-PDT was able to delay the induction of skin tumors. A significant difference in tumor-free survival was also observed for both actinic keratoses and invasive squamous cell carcinoma in mice treated weekly with topical ALA-PDT performed with blue light. This was observed even when weekly ALA-PDT was started after 8 weeks of UV exposure. CONCLUSION: Large-surface topical ALA-PDT with blue light can delay the appearance of UV-induced actinic keratoses and squamous cell carcinoma in hairless mice.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".