A model for strain-induced permeability anisotropy in deformable granular media
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In a deformable granular medium, shear deformation results in a change in pore volume, thereby causing a change in permeability. In previous studies, it is assumed that the change in absolute permeability is a function of porosity or volumetric strain, which in turn is a function of the mean or minimum effective stress. In such semi-empirical correlations, the changes in permeability are equal in all directions, even though the changes in strains are different in each direction. This paper proposes a new model accounting for permeability anisotropy induced by strains in deformable porous media. This model is derived from the well-known phenomenological KozenyCarman equation with some modifications. It was proven that tensor parameters embedded in the KozenyCarman equation (hydraulic radius and tortuosity of flow channels) can be expressed in terms of principal strains for granular assemblies of idealized packings. This approach allows one to formulate the evolution of changes in permeability in three directions under continuous shearing. The model explicitly states that the permeability changes are anisotropic, dependent on the induced strains. A comparison between experimental data and predicted results is presented to show the validity of the proposed model.Key words: strain-induced anisotropy, permeability, shear dilation, principal strain, tortuosity, tensor.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".