Flavonoids chemistry of the<i>adonis amurensis</i>complex in eastern Asia
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Flavonoids were isolated and identified from flowers and/or leaves of the Adonis amurensis complex. This complex has been a persistent source of taxonomic confusion due to the exclusive use of continuous variation in flower morphology for species definition and recognition. Nineteen flavonoids, including C‐glycosylflavones, O‐glycosylflavones, and flavonol O‐glycosides were characterized. The flavonoids isolated from flowers and leaves of the A. amurensis complex were not the same. The phenogram indicated three major clusters; A. multiflora, A. ramosa‐A. pseudoamurensis, and A. amurensis. A. amurensis was characterized by a higher flavonoid diversity composed of a variety of C‐glycosylflavones, while A. multiflora was generally characterized by a reduced flavonoid profiles. It is probable that evolutionary advancement is reflected in loss of some of C‐glycosylflavone and all of O‐glycosylflavone synthesis, resulting in A. multiflora within this series. The present study has demonstrated that the flavonoid chemistry may indeed be as variable as the morphological features, and no significant flavonoid differences at the species level were observed. It was suggested that parallel and/or radiate modes of evolution could have taken place within this complex.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".