Bibliographic record
Abstract
Thiosulfate has shown promise as an alternative to cyanide for gold leaching. However, one of the limitations is high thiosulfate consumption. Thiosulfate degradation is not completely understood. Of the degradation products, trithionate is a concern in the resin recovery of gold and is persistent in solution. Very little is known about the expected behaviour of trithionate both with respect to its formation and to its interaction with other solution species.The focus of this work was to further the understanding of the behaviour of trithionate in gold leach solutions. <disp-formula id="e1"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:mfrac><mml:mrow><mml:mo>−</mml:mo><mml:mi>d</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mo>[</mml:mo> <mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mi>S</mml:mi><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:msubsup><mml:mi>O</mml:mi><mml:mn>6</mml:mn><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn><mml:mo>−</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:msubsup></mml:mrow> <mml:mo>]</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi>d</mml:mi><mml:mi>t</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:mfrac><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mrow><mml:mo>(</mml:mo><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mi>k</mml:mi><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mo>[</mml:mo> <mml:mrow><mml:mi>N</mml:mi><mml:msubsup><mml:mi>H</mml:mi><mml:mn>4</mml:mn><mml:mo>+</mml:mo></mml:msubsup></mml:mrow> <mml:mo>]</mml:mo></mml:mrow><mml:mo>+</mml:mo><mml:msub><mml:mi>k</mml:mi><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mo>[</mml:mo> <mml:mrow><mml:mi>N</mml:mi><mml:msub><mml:mi>H</mml:mi><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:mrow> <mml:mo>]</mml:mo></mml:mrow><mml:mo>+</mml:mo><mml:msub><mml:mi>k</mml:mi><mml:mn>1</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mo>[</mml:mo> <mml:mrow><mml:mi>O</mml:mi><mml:msup><mml:mi>H</mml:mi><mml:mo>−</mml:mo></mml:msup></mml:mrow> <mml:mo>]</mml:mo></mml:mrow><mml:mo>+</mml:mo><mml:msub><mml:mi>k</mml:mi><mml:mn>0</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mo>[</mml:mo> <mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mi>S</mml:mi><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:msubsup><mml:mi>O</mml:mi><mml:mn>6</mml:mn><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn><mml:mo>−</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:msubsup></mml:mrow> <mml:mo>]</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:mrow><mml:mo>)</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:mrow></mml:math></disp-formula>The degradation kinetics was determined in systems resembling gold leaching solutions and a kinetic model was derived as expressed in Equation 1 for aqueous ammoniacal solutions. (1) The presence of lower concentrations of thiosulfate catalyzed the reaction, while excess thiosulfate inhibited it. Cupric copper was not found to have any effect under the conditions tested.L’hyposulfite s’est montré prometteur comme substitut du cyanure pour la lixiviation de l’or. Cependant, l’une des limitations est la consommation élevée d’hyposulfite. La dégradation de l’hyposulfite n’est pas entièrement comprise. Parmi les produits de la dégradation, le trithionate est une préoccupation dans la récupération à la résine de l’or et est persistant en solution. On connaît très peu du comportement attendu du trithionate tant en ce qui a trait à sa formation qu’à son interaction avec d’autres espèces en solution.L’objet de ce travail consistait à mieux comprendre le comportement du trithionate dans les solutions de lixiviation de l’or. On a determiné la cinétique de la dégradation dans des systèmes qui ressemblaient aux solutions de lixiviation de l’or et l’on a dérivé un modèle cinétique tel qu’exprimé à l’Équation 1 pour les solutions aqueuses ammoniacales. <disp-formula id="e2"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:mfrac><mml:mrow><mml:mo>−</mml:mo><mml:mi>d</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mo>[</mml:mo> <mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mi>S</mml:mi><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:msubsup><mml:mi>O</mml:mi><mml:mn>6</mml:mn><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn><mml:mo>−</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:msubsup></mml:mrow> <mml:mo>]</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi>d</mml:mi><mml:mi>t</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:mfrac><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mrow><mml:mo>(</mml:mo><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mi>k</mml:mi><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mo>[</mml:mo> <mml:mrow><mml:mi>N</mml:mi><mml:msubsup><mml:mi>H</mml:mi><mml:mn>4</mml:mn><mml:mo>+</mml:mo></mml:msubsup></mml:mrow> <mml:mo>]</mml:mo></mml:mrow><mml:mo>+</mml:mo><mml:msub><mml:mi>k</mml:mi><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mo>[</mml:mo> <mml:mrow><mml:mi>N</mml:mi><mml:msub><mml:mi>H</mml:mi><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:mrow> <mml:mo>]</mml:mo></mml:mrow><mml:mo>+</mml:mo><mml:msub><mml:mi>k</mml:mi><mml:mn>1</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mo>[</mml:mo> <mml:mrow><mml:mi>O</mml:mi><mml:msup><mml:mi>H</mml:mi><mml:mo>−</mml:mo></mml:msup></mml:mrow> <mml:mo>]</mml:mo></mml:mrow><mml:mo>+</mml:mo><mml:msub><mml:mi>k</mml:mi><mml:mn>0</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mo>[</mml:mo> <mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mi>S</mml:mi><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:msubsup><mml:mi>O</mml:mi><mml:mn>6</mml:mn><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn><mml:mo>−</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:msubsup></mml:mrow> <mml:mo>]</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:mrow><mml:mo>)</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:mrow></mml:math></disp-formula>Les plus faibles concentrations d’hyposulfite agissaient comme catalyseur de la réaction alors que l’excès d’hyposulfite l’inhibait. On a trouvé que le cuivre cuivrique n’avait aucun effet sous les conditions évaluées.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".