A revision of the late Eocene snakeflies (Raphidioptera) of the Florissant Formation, Colorado, with special reference to the wing venation of the Raphidiomorpha
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
The snakeflies (Raphidioptera) of the late Eocene Florissant Formation (Colorado, USA) are revised. Seven species of Raphidiidae are assigned to three genera, i.e., Megaraphidia Cockerell, 1907, Archiraphidia Handlirsch, 1910, and Florissantoraphidia gen. nov. Dictyoraphidia Handlirsch, 1910 is assigned to Baissopteridae, a first Cenozoic record of the family. Archiraphidia tumulata (Scudder, 1890), A. tranquilla (Scudder, 1890) and A.? somnolenta (Scudder, 1890), stat. res. are treated as distinct species, and A. eventa (Scudder, 1890) as a new synonym of A. tranquilla. The lectotype of A. eventa is designated. 'Raphidia' exhumata Cockerell, 1909 is transferred to Megaraphidia. 'Raphidia' mortua Rohwer, 1909 and 'R.' funerata Engel, 2003 constitute Florissantoraphidia gen. nov. Our findings support the treatment of the single Florissant species of Inocelliidae as preliminary assigned to Fibla Navás, 1915. We examine venational synapomorphies of Raphidiomorpha and provide a new diagnosis for it based on these characters. We evaluate putative derived venational character states of 'Neoraphidioptera' (Inocelliidae and Raphidiidae), finding no clear synapomorphy supporting its validity; these families may nest separately within a paraphyletic Mesoraphidiidae (s.l.). We provide diagnoses for the families occurring at Florissant (Baissopteridae, Inocelliidae and Raphidiidae) based on wing venation.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it