Tetracycline degradation by ozonation, and evaluation of biodegradability and toxicity of ozonation byproducts
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Tetracycline was exposed to ozone by bubbling at different pH levels, and the acute toxicity of ozonation byproducts was tested by luminescent bacteria (Vibrio qinghaiensis sp.-Q67). Residual tetracycline in the solutions was detected by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The results indicated that tetracycline was immediately degraded by ozonation and the degradation was favored at higher pH. Tetracycline (20 mg L−1) was completely degraded after 5 min of ozonation. However, total organic carbon (TOC) hardly decreased even though the ozonation time was extended to 40 min, suggesting that the ozonation process could not mineralize tetracycline. The luminescent bacteria assay indicated that the toxicity of the tetracycline solution was changed after ozonation. Chemical oxygen demand (COD) dropped by 15%, and the BOD5/COD ratio increased from 0·09 to 0·26, suggesting that the biodegradability of tetracycline was enhanced after 20 min of ozonation treatment.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".