Anion effects in the formation of the active catalyst in the Ruhrchemie Rhône-Poulenc aqueous biphasic hydroformylation process. Are there any?
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The water soluble [Rh(OAc)(CO)(mtppms)2] containing monosulfonated triphenylphosphine ligands was prepared for the first time and its hydrogenation was studied in aqueous solutions. In the presence of additional mtppms, the reaction yielded [RhH(CO)(mtppms)3], a close analogue of [RhH(CO)(mtppts)3], the immediate catalyst precursor in the Ruhrchemie Rhône-Poulenc aqueous biphasic hydroformylation process. The extent of the [Rh(OAc)(CO)(mtppms)2] → [RhH(CO)(mtppms)3] transformation strongly depended on the solution pH, similar to the case of the hydrogenation of [RhCl(CO)(mtppms)2] studied earlier. In this respect, RhCl3·aq and Rh(OAc)3·aq can be used equally well for the in situ preformation of [RhH(CO)(mtppts)3], although the latter is the preferred choice in the industrial process.Key words: rhodium, water-soluble, hydrides, sulfonated phosphines, biphasic.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".