Nonlinear strain and DC bias induced piezoelectric behaviour of electrostrictive lead magnesium niobate-lead titanate ceramics under high electric fields
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Laser Doppler interferometry has been used to determine the strain and piezoelectric response of Pb(Mg 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 -PbTiO 3 (PMN-PT) electrostrictive ceramics as a function of electric fields up to 4 MV m -1 , frequencies between 0.1 Hz and 2.5 kHz and DC bias fields up to 3 MV m -1 . The strain and polarization of PMN-15 with a composition of 0.9PMN-0.1PT and PMN-38 with a composition of 0.85PMN-0.15PT both produced by TRS ceramics, have been measured at room temperature. The strain and polarization responses of PMN-15 ceramics under an electric field up to 4 MV m -1 have been fitted to a polynomial model. The results suggest that a quadratic dependence of strain on polarization is not valid for large electric fields and that higher-order terms must be included. Our measurements showed that the effective piezoelectric coefficient, d 33 , of PMN-15 ceramics had a maximum value of 800 pm V -1 at a bias field of 0.67 MV m -1 and had little frequency dependence in the frequency range from 1 Hz up to 2.5 kHz. PMN-38 ceramic showed a maximum d 33 of 1200 pm V -1 at a bias field of 0.43 MV m -1 and the d 33 of this material showed a clear frequency dependence from 1 Hz up to 2.5 kHz.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".