Perméabilité in situ du béton de peau, établie à partir de la percolation d'un gaz en régime d'écoulement permanent
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In an attempt to apply the concepts developed by Carman and Klinkenberg for the measurement of permeability of a porous media using a gas, a permeameter for the in-situ measurement of intrinsic permeability of skin concrete has been developed. The established technique allows concentration of gas percolation through a well-defined zone in the superficial layer of concrete. The instrument, the measurement method, and the calculation procedure are described in details in this paper. Several series of tests have been performed in laboratory on concrete blocks (300 × 300 × 400 mm) to simulate measurements on the construction site. Three types of concrete, with different porosity, have been tested. The measurement of permeability performed on the concrete blocks have been accomplished both on shaped surfaces, which are representative of skin concrete, and on sawed surfaces, which are representative of mass concrete. Results show that the relationship between the water/cement ratio and the permeability of skin concrete varies distinctively compared with that of mass concrete. The permeameter allows quantification of what has been for a long time qualified as a determining element in terms of the durability of concrete against the corrosion of reinforcement, that is, the distinct permeability of skin concrete from that of mass concrete.Key words: skin concrete, in-situ permeability, intrinsic permeability, apparent permeability, permeameter, Klinkenberg.[Journal translation]
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".