Can Individuals Participating in Cardiac Rehabilitation Achieve Recommended Exercise Training Levels Following Stroke?
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In Brief PURPOSE: Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) has been recommended to provide exercise guidance poststroke. However, it has not been established whether minimal exercise training levels, sufficient for obtaining health benefits, can be attained in CR. Therefore, we assessed the ability of stroke patients to achieve recommended exercise levels during a single standard CR session following completion of CR. METHODS: Sixteen patients (10 males and 6 females) with mild/moderate motor impairments who had completed CR participated in the study. Resting metabolic rate and oxygen uptake during 30 minutes each of aerobic and resistance training (AT, RT, respectively) were assessed by ambulatory oxygen monitor. Obtained values were compared with recommended minimal levels, that is, 20 or more minutes of exercise at 40% or more of peak oxygen uptake ( O2peak), 30 or more minutes of exercise at 3 or more metabolic equivalents (METs) (multiples of resting metabolic rate), and an energy expenditure of approximately 200 kcal per session. RESULTS: Mean time sustaining 40% or more of O2peak was 47.6 ± 9 minutes, exceeding the minimal target of 20 minutes (P < .001). Time sustaining 3 or more METs was 30.8 ± 12.2 minutes, matching the target of 30 minutes (P = .8). Total energy expenditure (252 ± 49.9 kcal) was significantly greater than the target value of 200 kcal (P = .001). CONCLUSIONS: Chronic stroke patients with mild/moderate motor impairments are able to meet or exceed minimal recommended exercise target levels for intensity, duration, and energy expenditure during a typical exercise session consisting of 30 minutes of AT combined with 30 minutes of RT after completing CR. These data contribute to the evidence promoting the efficacy and feasibility of CR for people following stroke. This study assessed the ability of patients with stroke to achieve recommended exercise levels during a single cardiac rehabilitation session. Results showed that patients with stroke were able to meet minimal recommended exercise target levels for intensity, duration, and energy expenditure, promoting the efficacy and feasibility of cardiac rehabilitation following stroke.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".