Impact of quantum well intermixing on polarization anisotropy of InGaAs/InGaAsP quantum well modulators
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This article reports on the impact of the induced strain on the polarization anisotropy of a parallel set of electroabsorption intensity modulators on a single InGaAs/InGaAsP wafer chip. The strain build up due to the interdiffusion of atomic species across the quantum well region has been demonstrated experimentally using the gray mask-based quantum well intermixing process followed by an annealing step. A voltage swing of 5 V and an intensity modulation depth of more than −15 dB has been measured from these modulators. An interdiffusion process modeling has been developed to investigate the consequence of different interdiffusion ratios between the group III and the group V sublattices on the polarization behavior of these modulators, owing to the strain build up and the refractive index profiles for both transverse electric and transverse magnetic modes. The numerical modeling agrees with the experimental results, which indicates that the degree of intermixing on the group V sublattices is more significant compared to that of group III sublattices, hence causing a strained material system after an intermixing process and thus resulting in with polarization insensitive devices.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".