Transcriptional profiling on chromosome 19p indicated frequent downregulation of <i>ACP5</i> expression in hepatocellular carcinoma
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Chromosomal rearrangements unraveled by spectral karyotyping (SKY) indicated frequent chromosome 19 translocations in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In an effort to characterize the aberrant 19 rearrangements in HCC, we performed positional mapping by fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH) in 10 HCC cell lines. SKY analysis indicated structural rearrangements of chromosome 19 in 6 cell lines, 4 of which demonstrated recurring 19p translocations with different partner chromosomes. Using fluorescence-labeled BAC probes, physical mapping indicated a breakpoint cluster between 19p13.12 and 19p12. A corresponding transcriptional mapping by cDNA array on 19p suggested the differential expression of a single downregulated gene ACP5 (tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase type 5). Quantitative RT-PCR confirmed the reduced expression of ACP5 and indicated a strong correlation of its repressed expression only in cell lines that contain a 19p rearrangement (p = 0.004). We further examined the expression of ACP5 in a cohort of 82 primary tumors and 74 matching nonmalignant liver tissues. In the primary HCC examined, a reduction of ACP5 transcripts by 2 to as much as 1,000-fold was suggested in 67% of tumors (55/82 cases). When compared to adjacent nonmalignant tissues, 46% of tumors (34/74 cases) demonstrated a lower expression level (p = 0.015). On closer examination, a high significance of ACP5 repression was suggested in the cirrhotic HCC subgroup that was derived from chronic hepatitis B infected patients (55%; 30/54 cases; p = 0.001). Functional examination of ACP5 ectopic expression in HCC cells further demonstrated a significant growth inhibitory effect of ACP5 on tumor cell survival (p < 0.001). In our study, the novel finding of common ACP5 downregulation in HCC may provide basis for further investigations on the role of acid phosphatase in hepatocarcinogenesis.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".