Anomalous insulator-metal transition and weak ferromagnetism in Nd <sub>0.37</sub> Sr <sub>0.63</sub> MnO <sub>3</sub> thin films
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We report thickness-dependent magnetic and transport properties at the boundary separating A - and C -type antiferromagnetic phases in films of the overdoped manganite Nd 0.37 Sr 0.63 MnO 3 . The thin films are prepared by DC magnetron sputtering on single-crystal LaAlO 3 substrates. All films, 5–120 nm in thickness, show a paramagnetic-ferromagnetic ( PM-FM ) transition. The small value of magnetization (⩽0.45 μ B /Mn) is suggestive of the weak nature of the FM correlations that is different from the prototype PM-FM transition due to double exchange ( DE ). At lower film thicknesses, such as 5 and 25 nm, zero-field resistivity shows an insulator-like behavior. An insulator-metal ( IM ) transition is observed at higher film thicknesses (⩾60 nm). The magnetic-field independence of the observed IM transition ( T IM ∼125 K) distinguishes it from the same observed in prototype manganites ( x ∼0.2–0.4) and explained by DE . For the thinnest films, a CMR effect as large as MR ∼85% is observed in the low-temperature regime. The observed phenomena can be explained in terms of orbital-fluctuation–induced phase separation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".