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Record W2055455017 · doi:10.4212/cjhp.v65i3.1140

Development and Validation of a Novel Vancomycin Dosing Nomogram for Achieving High-Target Trough Levels at 2 Canadian Teaching Hospitals

2012· article· en· W2055455017 on OpenAlexaffvenueabout
Rosanne Thalakada, Michael Legal, Tim T Y Lau, Tiffany Luey, Josh Batterink, Mary H. H. Ensom

Bibliographic record

VenueThe Canadian Journal of Hospital Pharmacy · 2012
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldMedicine
TopicAntimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus
Canadian institutionsChildren's & Women's Health Centre of British ColumbiaSt. Paul's HospitalProvidence Health CareVancouver General Hospital
Fundersnot available
KeywordsNomogramDosingVancomycinTrough (economics)MedicineTrough ConcentrationComputer scienceInternal medicineBiologyEconomics

Abstract

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Background: Recent guidelines recommend a vancomycin trough (predose) level between 15 and 20 mg/L in the treatment of invasive gram-positive infections, but most initial dosing nomograms are designed to achieve lower targets (5–15 mg/L). Clinicians need guidance about appropriate initial dosing to achieve the higher target. Objective: To develop and validate a high-target vancomycin dosing nomogram to achieve trough levels of 15–20 mg/L.Methods: A retrospective study was conducted at 2 teaching hospitals, St Paul’s Hospital and Vancouver General Hospital in Vancouver, British Columbia. Patients who were treated with vancomycin between January 2008 and June 2010 and who had achieved a trough level of 14.5–20.5 mg/L were identified. Demographic and clinical data were collected. Multiple linear regression was used to develop a vancomycin dosing nomogram for each hospital site. An integrated nomogram was constructed by merging the data from the 2 hospitals. A unique set of patients at each institution was used for validating their respective nomograms and a pooled group of patients for validating the integrated nomogram. Predictive success was evaluated, and a nomogram was deemed significantly different from another nomogram if p < 0.05 via “X2 testing.Results: Data from 78 patients at one hospital and 91 patients at the other were used in developing the respective institutional nomograms. For each hospital’s data set, both age and initial serum creatinine were significantly associated with the predicted dosing interval (p < 0.001). Validation in a total of 105 test patients showed that the integrated nomogram had a predictive success rate of 56%.Conclusions: A novel vancomycin dosing nomogram was developed and validated at 2 Canadian teaching hospitals. This integrated nomogram is a tool that clinicians can use in selecting appropriate initial vancomycin regimens on the basis of age and serum creatinine, to achieve high-target levels of 15–20 mg/L. The nomogram should not replace clinical judgment for patients with unstable and/or reduced renal function.RÉSUMÉContexte : Des lignes directrices récentes recommandent des concentrations minimales (prédose) entre 15 et 20 mg/L pour le traitement des infections envahissantes à bactéries Gram-positif, mais la plupart des nomogrammes pour la posologie initiale sont conçus pour obtenir des concentrations cibles plus faibles (entre 5 et 15 mg/L). Les cliniciens ont besoin de conseils pour établir la posologie initiale appropriée permettant d'atteindre des concentrations cibles plus élevées.Objectif : Développer et valider un nomogramme posologique ciblant des concentrations minimales élevées entre 15 et 20 mg/L.Méthodes : Une étude rétrospective a été menée dans deux hôpitaux universitaires de Vancouver (Colombie-Britannique), l’Hôpital St. Paul et l’Hôpital général de Vancouver. Les patients traités par la vancomycine entre janvier 2008 et juin 2010 chez qui on a obtenu des concentrations minimales se situant entre 14,5 et 20,5 mg/L ont été recensés. Les données démographiques et cliniques ont été collectées. Une analyse de regression linéaire multiple a servi à développer un nomogramme posologique pour la vancomycine à chaque hôpital. Un nomogramme intégré a été construit en fusionnant les données des deux hôpitaux. Une série unique de patients à chaque hôpital a servi à valider leur nomogramme respectif; un groupe combiné de patients, le nomogramme intégré. La réussite révisionnelle a été évaluée et un nomogramme était jugé comme étant significativement différent d’un autre si p < 0,05 d’après le test du chi carré.Résultats : Les données de 78 patients dans l’un des hôpitaux et de 91 patients dans l’autre ont été utilisées pour développer leurs nomogrammes respectifs. Pour l’ensemble de données de chaque hôpital, l’âge et la créatininémie étaient tous deux des variables prédictives significatives de l’intervalle posologique (p < 0,001). La validation chez un total de 105 patients expérimentaux a montré que le nomogramme intégré avait un taux de réussite prévisionnel de 56 %.Conclusions : Un nomogramme posologique novateur pour la vancomycine a été développé et validé dans deux hôpitaux universitaires canadiens. Ce nomogramme intégré aidera les cliniciens à choisir les posologies initiales de vancomycine en tenant compte de l’âge et de la créatininémie, afin d’atteindre les concentrations cibles élevées de 15 à 20 mg/L. Le nomogramme ne doit pas remplacer le jugement du clinician chez les patients dont la fonction rénale est instable ou réduite.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: Observational
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.353
Threshold uncertainty score0.956

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0010.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0010.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.035
GPT teacher head0.305
Teacher spread0.270 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designObservational
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

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Citations22
Published2012
Admission routes3
Has abstractyes

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