Incidence and Mortality of Treated Primary Sjögren’s Syndrome in Taiwan: A Population-based Study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To estimate the incidence and mortality of treated primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) by sex and age group in Taiwan. METHODS: We used claims data of the Bureau of National Health Insurance (NHI) of Taiwan from 2005 to 2007 for analysis. According to the NHI, pSS is classified as one of the financially catastrophic illnesses and patients with pSS could be exempted from copayment of all medical costs. To obtain a catastrophic illness certificate (CIC) for pSS, patients are required to meet the criteria of the American-European Consensus Group for pSS, and are reviewed by a committee. Patients approved for receipt of a CIC for pSS for the first time were defined as incident cases of treated pSS. RESULTS: A total of 3352 incident cases occurred between 2005 and 2007. The estimated mean annual incidence was 6.0 per 100,000 inhabitants (95% CI 5.8-6.2) for both sexes, 11.0 (95% CI 10.6-11.4) for women and 1.1 (95% CI 1.0-1.2) for men, with a female/male ratio of 9.9 (95% CI 8.8-11.1). Incidence increased with age, peaking at age 55-64 years in women and 65-74 years in men. The mortality rate was 33.4 per 1000 case person-years for men and 11.4 for women, with a male/female rate ratio of 2.9 (95% CI 1.7-5.3). CONCLUSION: The incidence of treated pSS in women is 10 times that in men. Nevertheless, pSS mortality in men is 3 times that in women.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Direct model labels (unvalidated)
Per-model category and study-design labels from the labeling rounds. They are machine output, unvalidated, and the disagreement between models ships as data. No study design here is MEDLINE-validated yet.
| Model arm | Categories | Study design | Confidence |
|---|---|---|---|
| gemma | no category Domain: not available · Genre: Empirical About the Canadian research system: no · About a Canadian topic: no | Observational | high |
| gpt | no category Domain: not available · Genre: Empirical About the Canadian research system: no · About a Canadian topic: no | Observational | high |
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedLabeled directly by 2 models reading the full record.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".