Bibliographic record
Abstract
Hydroponics: A method of growing plants using mineral nutrient solutions, in water, without soil.When the required mineral nutrients are introduced into a plant's water supply artificially, soil is no longer required for the plant to thrive.After a long lapse, the World Federation of Trade Unions (WFTU) is again in the news.Experienced observers are wondering if this is not a 'second coming' 1 : it certainly looks that way in South Africa, where four affiliated unions of the leading confederation, the ITUC-affiliated Congress of South African Trade Unions (COSATU), have affiliated to the WFTU and are pressing the Congress itself to follow suit. 2 Much of the discussion is framed in terms of a possible unity overcoming the last major split in the international trade union movement.The Presidential Council (the smaller governing body) of the WFTU met in Johannesburg in February 2012 on the invitation of the four WFTU-affiliated COSATU member unions.It was addressed by COSATU president Sdumo Dlamini who told the Council that 'we (COSATU) will be entering into a discussion about the type of a relationship we must have with the WFTU and how such a relationship can take forward our commitment to achieve unity between the WFTU and the ITUC'.3 The 11 th National COSATU Congress last September was addressed by both Sharan Burrow, general secretary of the ITUC, 4 and by WFTU general secretary George Mavrikos.5 Faced with strong support within COSATU for an affiliation with the WFTU, and in the presence of its general secretary, Burrow struck a conciliatory note.She referred to 'workers in China and Vietnam with who we have a close engagement', and Cuba, 'where I am working to strengthen our engagement', blurring the fact that the ITUC has no 'close engagement' at all with the workers of these three countries but is seeking such an engagement with their State-controlled trade union organizations.They are among the few remaining labour structures inherited from the Soviet model, which no ITUC affiliate, including COSATU, would ever accept in their own country.With respect to the WFTU, she explained that, although she deplored the 'misinformation and misguided criticism' of the ITUC, neither she, nor 'any of her team', would ever criticize the WFTU, because they believed in freedom of association and, whilst unity was preferable, pluralism could legitimately emerge from this fundamental workers' right.'The last thing workers need is unions fighting' she said, adding: 'George, my door is always open to dialogue and I hope there will be a time when we can unite all the workers in the world'.Burrow goes on to say 'we do have a fundamental difference'.What is it?'It is not communism or socialism', because she is 'a proud woman of the Left'.The 'fundamental difference' is the attitude to the Arab popular revolutions, in particular in Syria, where the
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.005 | 0.007 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.012 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".