Differential Growth Response of Wheat Genotypes to Ammonium Phosphate and Rock Phosphate Phosphorus Sources
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A solution culture experiment was conducted to determine the response of 15 wheat genotypes for growth, phosphorus (P) uptake, and P utilization efficiency, and their adaptability to P stress conditions using adequate [250 μM P in nutrient solution as ammonium phosphate (NH4H2PO4)] and stress (powdered rock phosphate suspended in nutrient solution) P supply levels. Shoot dry matter (SDM) and total plant DM (shoot + root) and P uptake were generally higher for most genotypes in adequate P than stress P level treatment, but the opposite was true for root dry matter (RDM), root: shoot ratio (RSR), and root P uptake. Relative reduction in SDM due to P deficiency stress ranged from none to 54%. Genotypes Kohinoor 83, PB 85, Parvaz 94 and 4770 did not respond to P deficiency stress for SDM production, while genotypes FSD 83, Chakwal 86, Pasban 90, 4072, 4943, 5039, 6529-11, and 6544-6 were highly responsive to P application for SDM. Shoot P uptake in genotypes at adequate P level was about 3-times higher than those genotypes grown at stress P level. Differences in P concentration of shoot ranged between 2.00 to 3.06 mg P g−1 in stress P level treatment, and had a significant positive correlation with P harvest index (PHI) (r = 0.558∗, P < 0.05) and root efficiency ratio (RER) (r = 0.611∗, P < 0.05) and negative correlation with P efficiency ratio (PER) (r = −0.909∗∗, P < 0.01). A significantly positive correlation of P utilization index (PUI) and SDM (r = 0.784∗∗, P < 0.01) and non-significant negative correlation (r = −0.483) of PUI with P concentration in shoot implies that wheat genotypes with higher PUI may be selected for P deficient milieu. Genotypes with higher PUI (>0.8 g mg−1 P) in rook phosphate treatment were Inqlab-91, Pak-81, Lu 26s, Parvaz 94, 4072, 4770, 4943, and 5039. There was no interrelationship observed between shoot P uptake and P efficiency in stress P level treatment. However, highly significant and positive correlation (r = 0.720∗∗, P < 0.01) between PHI and RER suggested that shoot P uptake depended upon root efficiency and it increased with the increase in P uptake per unit RDM. Consequently, this resulted in increased SDM which is evident from the significant positive correlation (r = 0.833∗∗, P < 0.01) between SDM and shoot P uptake. In summary, the findings suggest that PUI and RER may be used for selecting P efficient wheat genotypes (e.g., 4072, 4770, 4943, Pak 81, and Inqlab 91) for dry matter production and P use.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".