Speeded detection of sound signals based on temporal differences
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Previous research has identified acoustic parameters modulating the perceived urgency of alarms. Such approaches have focused mainly on the subjective relationship between characteristics of the alarms and the perception of urgency. We suggest that an objective measurement will ensure with more certainty the effectiveness of the acoustic parameters and will help us to understand more precisely the underlying processes. We have to the improve the ability of warning signals to increase the probability of a faster reaction under emergency conditions. Thus, we performed two experiments using a speeded reaction-time (RT) paradigm, under two tracking task conditions: motor and visual. Experiment 1 studied the influence of the tempo of the sequences. RT decreased as tempo became faster. Experiment 2 studied the influence of temporal irregularity. Outlier analyses show that RT decreased with the irregularity of the sequences. A scaled judgment of urgency was also given by subjects. Two underlying processes seem to be involved: experiment 1 highlights expectancy effects (temporal regularities provide a temporal reference frame), whereas experiment 2 emphasizes capture effects (a temporally perturbed event is more salient than a temporally expected one) [Jones, M.R., ‘‘Attention and timing,’’ in Ecological Psyhoacoustics, edited by J. Neuhoff (Elsevier Acadamic Press, San Diego, 2004) pp. 49–88 (2004)]. Moreover, comparisons between RT measurements and subjective judgments improve the validity of our approach.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".