Effects of polymer solvents on the performance of cellulose acetate membranes in methanol/methyl tertiary butyl ether separation
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The performances of cellulose acetate membranes prepared with casting solutions, with acetone, dimethylformamide (DMF), and N ‐methylpyrrolidone (NMP) as solvents, were studied in a series of methanol/methyl tertiary butyl ether separation experiments. The flux and selectivity of the membrane samples were affected by the type of solvent used to prepare the casting solution. The sample with DMF consistently gave the highest selectivity and lowest flux, followed by the samples with NMP and acetone. The differences in the performances were attributed to the effects of the volatility and evaporation rates of the solvents. Scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy techniques were used for comparing the morphologies of the membranes. In addition, we used Raman spectroscopy as a novel technique to study the sorption selectivities of the membrane samples prepared with the three different solvents. In a parallel study, the relation between the polymer concentration in the casting solution and the morphology and performance of the membrane samples was studied. Under similar preparation conditions, the morphology of the membrane changed from being porous to being dense when the membrane was prepared with casting solutions with increasing polymer concentration. Also, the selectivity increased and the permeability decreased with increasing polymer concentration in the casting solution. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 82: 2882–2895, 2001
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it