Comparison between the Gene Expression Profile of Human Muller Cells and Two Spontaneous Muller Cell Lines
Bibliographic record
Abstract
PURPOSE: Müller cells are the principal glial cells in the retina. They play important functions in this tissue. Alterations in Müller cell behavior were observed in the retinal tissue of patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy. The purpose of this study was to determine the gene expression profile of normal human Müller cells (NHMCs) and to compare it with that of two spontaneously generated human Müller cell lines (HMCLs) from type 1 and type 2 diabetic donors by using serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE). METHODS: Approximatively 50,000 tags were sequenced for each SAGE library. Identification of the transcripts was obtained by matching the 15-bp tags with the UniGene and GenBank databases. Classification of the genes was based on the updated information of the genome directory found at the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) Web site. RESULTS: SAGE was used to characterize the entire transcriptome of human Müller cells and to compare these data with those from Müller cell lines generated from type 1 and type 2 diabetic donors. The transcriptome of NHMCs and HMCLs demonstrated that "metabolism" and "protein synthesis" are the two main categories of genes expressed by human Müller cells. Only 106 genes are differentially expressed between NHMCs and HMCLs. CONCLUSIONS: The SAGE libraries reported in this article provide the gene expression profile of NHMCs and HMLCs. It thus represents a valuable source of information regarding the function of Müller cells as well as their role in the development of diabetic retinopathy.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".