Effect of diet and parity on meal patterns of lactating dairy cows
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Four multiparous and four primiparous lactating dairy cows housed in stalls were used in a double 4 × 4 Latin square to determine the effect of parity and diet on meal patterns. Cows were fed one of four diets: three total mixed rations containing 40, 50, or 60% barley silage on a dry matter (DM) basis, and a diet in which forage and concentrate were allocated separately (SI) containing 50% concentrate. Dry matter intake was similar for all diets (18.2 ± 0.6 kg d -1 ), as were the number of meals per day (10 ± 1 meals d -1 ) and meal duration (35 ± 3 min meal -1 ). Meal size was larger (5.2 vs. 1.1 or 1.9 kg DM meal -1 ), and eating rate was faster (0.265 vs. 0.053 or 0.034 kg DM min -1 ) when cows consumed concentrate, compared with silage or TMR, respectively. Meal size of TMR, silage or concentrate was positively related to DM intake (r = 0.82, 0.76, and 0.98; respectively). For cows consuming TMR, the number of meals per day was negatively related to DM intake (r = -0.41). Dry matter intake increased when meal size increased, primarily as a result of longer meals and, to a lesser extent, faster eating rate. Feeding management had little effect on meal patterns. Multiparous cows tended to eat more in each meal compared with primiparous cows, but both groups spent the same amount of time eating per meal. Key words: Cows, parity, meal patterns, feeding management
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".