Assessment of Finfish Aquaculture Effect on Newfoundland Epibenthic Communities through Video Monitoring
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract In Newfoundland fjords, evaluating changes to benthic communities resulting from finfish aquaculture is difficult because the depth (>30 m) and presence of patches of hard substrates at production sites hinder grab sampling. In this study, we used video surveys to characterize benthic assemblages at sites with no aquaculture, with varying amounts of finfish production, and undergoing fallowing periods. Video analyses revealed a patchy distribution of benthic organisms (identifiable at a high taxonomic level), characterized by low natural abundances and richness. Benthic communities at aquaculture sites showed evidence of organic matter enrichment through the presence of Beggiatoa sp. or opportunistic polychaete-dominated assemblages (or both), bare stations, flocculent matter, and lower abundances and richness near aquaculture cages. Maps of sites in production showed that the area of aquaculture impact was influenced by bathymetry, located underneath cages and in some instances up to 145 m away from net-pens, and often directed away from the coastline. However, correlations of abundances and richness with distance from cage were weak, and stations close to cages were not always statistically different from stations further away or at the nonproduction site. At the fallow site, a large percentage (∼70%) of stations was barren, suggesting potentially hypoxic or anoxic conditions and warranting further investigations of fallow periods. Our analysis confirms that video-based assessments can detect major aquaculture-related changes in benthic communities but cannot, at present, identify lower levels of disturbance.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".