Glyburide was as safe and effective as insulin in gestational diabetes
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
(2000) N Engl J Med 343, 1134. Langer O, Conway DL, Berkus MD, et al. . A comparison of glyburide and insulin in women with gestational diabetes mellitus. . Oct 19; . : . –8. . [OpenUrl][1][CrossRef][2][PubMed][3][Web of Science][4] QUESTION: Is glyburide as effective and safe as insulin in women with gestational diabetes mellitus? Randomised (allocation concealed*), unblinded,* controlled trial. Maternal health clinics in San Antonio, Texas, USA. 404 women (mean age 29.5 y) who were between 11 and 33 weeks of gestation with a singleton pregnancy and who had gestational diabetes and fasting blood glucose concentrations ≥5.3 mmol/l and <7.8 mmol/l. Follow up was 100%. 404 women were allocated to receive glyburide (n=201) or insulin (n=203). Glyburide was started at an oral dose of 2.5 mg and increased to 20 mg as needed. Insulin was started at a dose of 0.7 U/kg of actual body weight, given subcutaneously 3 times/day, and increased as needed. … [1]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DNew%2BEngland%2BJournal%2Bof%2BMedicine%26rft.stitle%253DNEJM%26rft.issn%253D0028-4793%26rft.aulast%253DLanger%26rft.auinit1%253DO.%26rft.volume%253D343%26rft.issue%253D16%26rft.spage%253D1134%26rft.epage%253D1138%26rft.atitle%253DA%2BComparison%2Bof%2BGlyburide%2Band%2BInsulin%2Bin%2BWomen%2Bwith%2BGestational%2BDiabetes%2BMellitus%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Adoi%252F10.1056%252FNEJM200010193431601%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Apmid%252F11036118%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx [2]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1056/NEJM200010193431601&link_type=DOI [3]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=11036118&link_type=MED&atom=%2Febmed%2F6%2F3%2F79.atom [4]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=000089882800001&link_type=ISI
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Direct model labels (unvalidated)
Per-model category and study-design labels from the labeling rounds. They are machine output, unvalidated, and the disagreement between models ships as data. No study design here is MEDLINE-validated yet.
| Model arm | Categories | Study design | Confidence |
|---|---|---|---|
| gemma | no category Domain: not available · Genre: Empirical About the Canadian research system: no · About a Canadian topic: no | Non-randomized trial | low |
| gpt | no category Domain: not available · Genre: Empirical About the Canadian research system: no · About a Canadian topic: no | Randomized trial | low |
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.007 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it