20-Year Follow-Up Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Antilymphocyte Globulin Induction to No Induction in Renal Transplant Patients
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of antilymphocyte globulin (ALG)-induction on long-term outcomes of postrenal transplantation. METHODS: Between January 1985 and January 1986, 123 consecutive renal transplants from deceased donors were performed at a single institution. Patients were randomized into two groups: group 1 (n=63, 40+/-10 year) received cyclosporine (CsA), prednisone, and azathioprine; and group 2 (n=60, 36+/-9 year) received ALG-induction, CsA, and prednisone and delayed initiation (45-90 days posttransplantation) of azathioprine if the CsA dose was less than 4 mg/kg per day. Target CsA trough levels were 150 to 250 ng/mL. Cytomegalovirus prophylaxis was not used. Human leukocyte antigen matching (2.4+/-1.1 vs. 2.6+/-1.2) and cold ischemia time (38+/-8 hr vs. 39+/-9 hr) did not differ. RESULTS: The incidence of acute rejection was lower in group 2 (28% vs. 75%, P<0.0001). The incidence of cytomegalovirus infection was 10% in group 1 and 18% in group 2 (P=0.41). The incidence of cancer was 22.2% in group 1 and 11.7% in group 2 (P=0.53) and the incidence of lymphoma did not differ (3% vs. 5%, P=0.77). Patient and graft survival in groups 1 and 2 at 1, 10, and 20 years were 100%/79% vs. 100%/93%, 83%/56% vs. 88%/51%, and 64%/43% vs. 54%/47%, respectively (log-rank test, P=0.18 and P=0.078). CONCLUSION: The use of ALG-induction resulted in a lower incidence of acute rejection and improved graft survival during the first year postrenal transplantation. Patient and graft survival at 20-year follow-up was not affected by ALG-induction.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".