NADH oxidase signaling induces cyclooxygenase‐2 expression during lipopolysaccharide stimulation in cardiomyocytes
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is induced in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS). However, the signaling mechanisms of LPS-induced COX-2 expression in cardiomyocytes are not well understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of gp91(phox)-containing NADH oxidase signaling pathway in LPS-induced COX-2 expression in cardiomyocytes. Cultured neonatal mouse cardiomyocytes showed basal COX-2 expression and PGE2 production. In response to LPS, COX-2 expression and PGE2 production increased by two- to four-fold, which were completely blocked by a selective COX-2 inhibitor NS398. LPS also increased NADH oxidase (gp91(phox) and p47(phox) subunits) expression and superoxide generation. Deficiency of gp91(phox) or suppression of p22(phox) expression decreased NADH oxidase activity and down-regulated COX-2 expression and PGE2 production stimulated by LPS. Pharmacological inhibitors of NADH oxidase prevented LPS-induced COX-2 expression and PGE2 production. The effect of NADH oxidase was mediated through MAPK activation, since inhibition of NADH-oxidase activity prevented phosphorylation of ERK1/2, p38, and JNK1/2, as well as selective inhibition of each subfamily of MAPK by siRNAs and a dominant negative mutant of JNK1 decreased COX-2 expression and completely abrogated PGE2 production in response to LPS. Furthermore, LPS-induced NF-kappaB activation was decreased by inhibition of NADH oxidase, ERK1/2 or JNK1/2 activation, suggesting that LPS increases NF-kappaB activity and COX-2 expression via NADH oxidase-dependent activation of ERK1/2 and JNK1/2. In conclusion, NADH oxidase signaling represents a novel pathway leading to COX-2 expression via MAPK/NF-kappaB-dependent mechanisms in cardiomyocytes during LPS stimulation. Our study suggests that gp91(phox)-containing NADH oxidase is a potential therapeutic target of sepsis.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".