Structure and ionic conductivity of a series of di‐<i>o</i>‐butyrylchitosan membranes
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Di‐ o ‐butyrylchitosan was prepared by reacting chitosan with butyric acid anhydride in the presence of perchloric acid as a catalyst. 13 C‐NMR and IR spectra of the modified chitosan suggested that both hydroxyl groups, at the C‐6 and C‐3 positions, in the chitosan molecules were substituted. The maximum degree of substitution was found to be less than 28%. The results of X‐ray diffractograms revealed that, in comparison with the unmodified chitosan membrane, the crystallinity of di‐ o ‐butyrylchitosan membranes was remarkably decreased. Meanwhile, it was also observed that the swelling indices of modified membranes were increased significantly in direct proportion to the degree of substitution. Thermogravimetric analysis indicated that the modified membranes exhibited a slightly increased thermal stability compared to the unmodified membrane. The ionic conductivity of di‐ o ‐butyrylchitosan membranes after hydration was investigated using impedance spectroscopy. Compared to the unmodified chitosan membrane, the hydrated di‐ o ‐butyrylchitosan membrane with a relatively high degree of the substitution showed an increased ionic conductivity of more than one order of magnitude. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 94: 2309–2323, 2004
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it