Precisely delivered nanomechanical forces induce blebbing in undifferentiated mouse embryonic stem cells
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract: The aim of this study was to probe the morphological response of single mouse embryonic stem cells (mESC) to precisely delivered nanomechanical forces. Plating mESC as single cells gave rise to either round compact or flattened fibroblastic morphologies. The expression of OCT4 and Nanog was reduced in flattened cells, indicating that this population had begun to differentiate. Upon application of >5 nN of force, using atomic force microscopy and simultaneous laser scanning confocal microscopy, round cells, but not flattened cells, were capable of forming mechanically induced blebs (miBlebs). Flattened cells appeared to have a more highly developed cytoskeleton than undifferentiated stem cells as characterized by the distribution of phospho-ezrin-radixin-moesin (pERM). Higher levels of pERM and an inability to form miBlebs in flattened cells imply that the earliest stages of embryonic stem cell differentiation are associated with the development of stronger mechanical links between the plasma membrane and the cytoskeleton. Keywords: blebbing, embryonic stem cells, atomic force microscopy, cytoskeleton development, differentiation
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".