QTL Mapping of Tropical Maize Grain Components Associated with Maize Weevil Resistance
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
The maize weevil (MW), Sitophilus zeamais (Motsch.), is a globally distributed pest that causes severe losses in stored maize ( Zea mays L.) worldwide. A previous study identified quantitative trait loci (QTL) contributing to reduced grain damage and losses by MW in the maize mapping population CML290 × Muneng‐8128C0HC1‐18‐2‐1‐1. This study was conducted to identify QTL associated with the identified biochemical bases of resistance in the maize grain. Eleven traits were analyzed on grain samples from F 2 lines across two environments: p ‐coumaric acid (p‐CA), cis ‐ and trans ‐ferulic acid (FA), four isomers of diferulic acids (DiFA), phenolic acid amides ( p ‐coumaroyl‐feruloyl putrescine [CFP] and diferuloyl putrescine [DFP]), total DiFA and total phenols acids (PhA). Significant variations were observed for most of the traits, while heritabilities ranged from 0.09 to 0.79. Ten QTL were identified for trans ‐ and cis ‐FA, 8,5′‐DiFA, 8‐O‐4′‐DiFA, 8,5′‐diferulic acid benzofuran form, DFP, and CFP while seven QTL were identified for p ‐CA, 5,5′‐DiFA, FA, total DiFAs, and total PhA. These QTL were dispersed across the maize genome and explain between 25 and 47% of the phenotypic variance (σ 2 p ) and 50 to 98% of the genotypic variance (σ 2 g ). Nine regions were common between QTL associated with MW susceptibility and cell wall bound compounds, suggesting a strong genetic association with MW resistance in tropical maize.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it