Sub-1V Supply CMOS Voltage References Based on Asymmetric Differential Stage
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The proposed nonbandgap voltage references are based on asymmetric differential pair. The p-channel transistors of this pair may have different threshold voltages, and different aspect ratios. One gate of this pair is connected to ground, another gate is used as the output reference voltage terminal. The reference voltage is equal to the difference of source-gate voltages in the differential pair. One can find the conditions, when this voltage is equal to the difference of threshold voltages, i.e. practically independent on temperature. The reference circuits are different by methods of tail current division between transistors of the pair, and by methods of tail current generation. The results, achieved at this time in simulations, show that one can obtain the output voltage of about 390 mV ±0.5 mV in the range of temperatures -20 to 120 °C. The power supply voltage may change, at the same time, from 1.8 V down to 0.7 V. The circuits can be realized in multi-threshold CMOS technology.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".