Paleolimnological Study of Willard and Russell Ponds in New Hampshire
Bibliographic record
Abstract
ABSTRACT Long-term environmental trends in Willard and Russell ponds in New Hampshire were assessed using paleolimnological techniques. Algal microfossils (diatom valves and chrysophyte scales) and pollen remains were analyzed from sediment cores representing the depositional environment of the last 200–300 years. Sediment characteristics and geochemical data were also studied to assess past limnological and watershed changes. The export of ions from the watershed has increased in both ponds and trace metal concentrations in sediments have increased over the post-industrial period. Pollen data suggest that the terrestrial vegetation in the watershed had changed in the past. Stratigraphic changes in diatom and chrysophyte taxa indicated lakewater quality changes in Willard and Russell ponds in the past. Diatom assemblages were quantified to infer past total phosphorus (TP), pH, and chloride (CI) concentrations, using diatom-based inference models that have been developed for the lakes in the northeastern USA. Past inferred TP concentrations remained relatively unchanged and both water bodies can be categorized as oligotrophic for the past 200–300 years. However, inferred pH and CI levels have changed in the study ponds. Although changes in inferred CI are most likely related to watershed disturbances, the recent decline in inferred pH is most likely due to increased acidic precipitation. The study shows the usefulness of a paleolimnological approach in determining long-term water quality monitoring trends. These long-term data would be useful in developing effective lake management and restoration plans in New Hampshire.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".