Isolation and characterization of the monkey UGT2B30 gene that encodes a uridine diphosphate-glucuronosyltransferase enzyme active on mineralocorticoid, glucocorticoid, androgen and oestrogen hormones
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The present study reports the genomic organization and the characterization of a novel cynomolgus monkey UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) enzyme, UGT2B30. UGT enzymes are microsomal proteins that catalyse the transfer of the glucuronosyl group from UDP-glucuronic acid (UDPGA) to a wide variety of lipophilic compounds, namely hormonal steroids. The 15 kb UGT2B30 gene amplified by PCR showed a genomic organization similar to those encoding UGT2B human enzymes. The cDNA encoding UGT2B30 was isolated from a cynomolgus monkey prostate cDNA library, and the deduced amino acid sequence showed an identity of 94% with UGT2B19, a monkey isoform previously characterized. Stable expression of UGT2B30 protein in human kidney 293 (HK293) cells was assessed by Western-blot analysis and its conjugating activity was screened using 39 potential substrates. The UGT2B30 enzyme is active on many compounds of different classes, including testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, 5alpha-androstane-3alpha,17beta-diol, androsterone, oestradiol, tetrahydroaldosterone and tetrahydrocortisone, with glucuronidation efficiencies (V(max)/K(m) ratios) ranging from 0.6 to 8.8 microl x min(-1) x mg of protein(-1). Reverse-transcriptase-PCR analysis revealed that the UGT2B30 transcript is expressed in several tissues, including prostate, testis, mammary gland, kidney, adrenals and intestine. The relative activity of UGT2B30 in comparison with other simian UGT2B isoforms, as well as its large variety of substrates, strongly suggest that this enzyme is essential to inactivation of several steroids.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".