An investigation of cadmium and lead from a High Arctic waste disposal site, Rsesolute Bay, Nunavut, Canada*
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Heavy metal contamination in the High Arctic is a growing concern. Cadmium and lead are recognized by the Canadian Government as metals of concern but little research has been done on small point sources such as municipal waste disposal sites. In 2003 a study was conducted near Resolute, Nunavut, Canada (74°43′N, 95°55′W) to determine the extent of cadmium and lead leaching from a local dumpsite which lay adjacent to a large late-lying snowbed. Three transects (reaching ∼700 m in length) were established downslope from the waste site and water and soil samples were collected for metal analysis at regular intervals. Information on snowbed retreat, water table position, soil moisture conditions and frost table decline were also obtained. Cadmium levels in water samples exceeded government guidelines and along one transect increased with distance. Little lead in surface waters supports the notion that it does not travel easily in soil solution. Overall, soil cadmium and lead levels were low and did not exceed government guidelines. Some spatial patterns did emerge and can be linked to variations in water flow patterns, nearness to the dumpsite and ground cover conditions.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".