Is By-catch Mortality Preventing the Rebuilding of Cod (<i>Gadus morhua</i>) and American Plaice (<i>Hippoglossoides platessoides</i>) Stocks on the Grand Bank?
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Cod (Gadus morhua) and American plaice (Hippoglossoides platessoides) on the Grand Bank of Newfoundland supported substantial commercial fisheries for extensive periods in the past.Both stocks declined and have been under fisheries moratoria since 1994, but continue to be harvested as by-catch in other directed fisheries on the Grand Bank.For each stock, a precautionary spawning stock biomass limit reference point (B lim ) has been established by the Scientific Council of the Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Organization.In this study, stochastic simulations were used to evaluate the probability distributions of the time horizons required to rebuild each of the two stocks to above B lim .A range of by-catch mortality levels, recruitment models, and body growth and maturation rates were applied in the simulations.Uncertainty in the estimates of the numbers at age in the last assessed year and uncertainty in future recruitment were also incorporated within the simulations.If by-catches are not substantially reduced, the modelling results indicate there is virtually zero probability of attaining B lim by 2020 for either the cod or American plaice stocks on the Grand Bank.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.011 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".