Compositional Simulation of Condensate Banking Coupled with Reservoir Geomechanics
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Summary URTeC 1547326 Horizontal well with multistage hydraulic fracturing stimulation is the most common practice in developing tight oil and gas condensate reservoirs. For the rich gas condensate reservoirs, heavier components in the gas phase start dropping and decrease the gas mobility due to a relative-permeability relationship as the reservoir pressure drops below the saturation pressure. Therefore, modeling the condensate banking is critical in order to minimize the productivity loss and optimize the stimulation efficiency. In addition, the deformation of the hydraulic fracture must be quantified because the changes in effective stress can cause the proppant embedment and crushing. The control volume based multiphase multi-components thermal simulator FATS is utilized in modeling the condensate banking inside the hydraulic fractures and surrounding matrix blocks. A K-value interpolation algorithm is developed and validated by a two-phase envelope generated by an Equation of State (EOS). FATS results are validated by the EOS based reservoir simulator GEM. Pseudoization of a multicomponent condensate fluid mixture is accomplished using an equation of state (EOS), from which K-value tables are generated for FATS input. Furthermore, constant K-value equilibrium calculations are validated with EOS at various conditions to ensure consistency of results. Additionally, flow-stress coupling along the hydraulic fracture plane is iteratively computed by the iterations between Flow and Stress simulator. A linear elastic constitutive model controlled by Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion is formulated to compute the changes of mean effective stress and fracture deformation. Numerical simulation results show that condensate banking inside fracture plane and matrix block is confirmed by FATS and validated by the EOS based reservoir simulator GEM. The productivity loss is the combination of condensate banking and fracture conductivity reduction due to the increase of effective stress along hydraulic fracture plane.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".