Physical model for low-frequency noise in avalanche breakdown of PN junctions
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A physically-based transient microplasma based model for low frequency noise in pn diodes is discussed and implemented in SPICE simulator. The simulation indicates that the model correctly describes the non-monotonic behavior of both the DC and the noise characteristics of diode at the onset of avalanche breakdown. Since the model is based on a new microplasma switching theory, the results of simulation confirm the findings of this theory. These are, as follows for the microplasma. Its switching threshold is the condition of equality of free- to space charge concentration in depletion layer. Its on-current is approximately twice the threshold current. It is initialized by the charge generation due to few recombination centers in microplasma region at high avalanche multiplication due to impact ionization, while the microplasma turn-off is due to carrier diffusion from microplasma region into the depletion layer at low, but larger than 1, avalanche multiplication.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".